List of keywords (reserved words/keywords) based on "The Scala Language Specification v 2.9 (DRAFT) from 24.5.2011)".
Definition based on:
- my knowledge
- http://ofps.oreilly.com/titles/9780596155957/
- (definition found on ) http://stackoverflow.com/ or http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page
Info for Java folks.
There is no break* , continue , public keywords in Scala.
List of keywords ( reserved words )
abstract - It makes a declaration abstract. It is not required for abstract members for most cases( I found case,where you need do that: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2038370/scala-traits-and-abstract-methods-override ),but i don't why.
case - It starts clause for matched expression.
catch - It starts a clause for thrown exception.
class - It starts a class declaration.
def - It starts a method declaration.
do - it starts do-while loop.
else - it starts else clause for an if clause (when evaluation of if is false)
extends - it indicates inheritance. that class or trait is declared as child of the parent type of the class or trait.
false - one of Boolean's value.
final - It addes "prohibit" attribute .For class it means prohibit inheritance and for method prohibit overriding.
finally - it starts clause after try/catch blocks (whatever exception is thrown or not).
for - It starts for loop.
forSome - According to O'reilly book( as I do not come across yet) : Used in existential type declarations to constrain the allowed concrete types that can be used.
if - it starts if clause.
implicit - Marks a method as eligible to be used as an implicit type converter. Marks a method parameter as optional, as long as a type-compatible substitute object is in the scope where the method is called.
import - it imports member(s) into the current scope.
lazy - According to O'reilly book( as I do not come across yet) : Defer evaluation of a val.
match - it starts pattern matching clause.
new - It creates a new instance of a class.
null - It exists for compatibility and interoperability with Java and .NET libraries only. It means variable that has not been assigned a value.
object - it starts signleton version of class (One instance only)
override - it indicates change of original member of class (like function etc. ) for non final members(See final for more details)
package - it starts declaration of package (scope)
private - it describes visibility of a declaration.
protected - it describes visibility of a declaration.
return - a return from a function.
sealed - Applied to a parent class to require all directly derived classes to be declared in the same source file.(I do not come across this yet)
super - An object refers to parent of itself. (it is the same as this,but it binds into parent of a object
this - An object refers to itself.
throw - It indicates what type exception can be a thrown, if things went wrong.
trait - A mixin module that adds additional state and behavior to an instance of a class.
try - It starts scope of block of code that may throw an exception.
true - one of Boolean's value.
type - It starts a type declaration.
val (value) - It starts declaration of read-only variable.
var (variable) - It starts declaration of read/write variable.
while - It starts a while loop (or starts while section of do/while loop).
with - keyword is similar to Java’s implements keyword for interfaces. In Scala it includes the trait in class or object.
yield - is a result ( as collection ) from for loop (see http://pastorcmentarny.blogspot.co.uk/2013/06/scala-notes-10-yield-for-yield.html)
@ - It starts an annotation.
_ - it has many functions (it used in many cases like function literals , import ,place holder and etc.
: - Separator between identifiers and type annotations.
= - is an assignment
<- - is used in for comprehensions in generator expressions.
← - is a unicode representation for <-. [Unicode: \u2190]
<: - It is used in abstract and parametrized type declarations ( It is used to constrain the allowed types).
<% - It is used in abstract and parametrized type “view bounds” declarations.
=> - It is used in function literals to separate the argument list from the function body.
⇒ is a unicode representation for =>. [Unicode: \u21D2]
>: - It is used in abstract and parametrized type declarations ( It is used to constrain the allowed types).
# - it used in type projections (I do not come across yet)
List of deprecated keywords ( reserved words )
requires - it was used for self-typing. (I didn't find why)
* break appear in Scala version 2.8 but it is implemented as a library method not as built-in break keyword.
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